What You Should Know About Thyroid Disease

Thyroid disease occurs when the thyroid gland changes shape and produces too little (hypothyroidism) or too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). Thyroid disease is more common in women and is not a contagious disease. Here is a article on what you should know about Thyroid disease

What you should know about Thyroid disease

What is Thyroid?

Thyroid gland located in the anterior part of the neck; It is a butterfly-shaped organ resembling the letters U and H. The hormones it secretes help many functions in the body to work regularly. Problems in the thyroid region cause very serious disorders.

The thyroid, which helps the secretion of T3 and T4 hormones, also provides the production and storage of the hormone calcitonin. Its size is approximately the size of a walnut. The hormones secreted from the thyroid gland mix with the blood and ensure that they are transmitted to the relevant organs and stimulated.

It is located just below the cartilage structure, which is known as the prominentia laryngea in the medical language and known as the Adam’s apple among the people. The pituitary gland in the brain stimulates the thyroid gland and then takes action. The hormone that stimulates the thyroid is TSH and it reaches this organ with the circulatory system and ensures the release of the hormone. If the thyroid gland does not secrete enough hormones, the pituitary gland produces more TSH and sends a warning effect.

Types of Thyroid Disease

Common thyroid diseases are:

Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Mumps
Thyroid nodules
Thyroid Cancer

Causes of Thyroid disease

The causes of thyroid disease vary, depending on the type. Some of the conditions that cause and trigger thyroid disease include:

Iodine deficiency (iodine)
Genetic factors
Inflammation of the thyroid gland or thyroiditis
Disorders of the pituitary gland or pituitary
After giving birth
Autoimmune

Thyroid disease can happen to anyone, but there are several factors that put a person at risk for developing thyroid disease, including:

Have a family history of thyroid disease.
Have a history of chronic disease, such as diabetes or autoimmune disease.
Have had treatment with radioactive iodine.
Over 60 years of age.
Have had thyroid surgery.
Have had radiotherapy to the chest.

What are the effects of Thyroid?

Symptoms of this disease can occur in different parts of the body. Intestinal problems are among the top thyroid symptoms. Especially long-term constipation problems are generally caused by this disease. Intestinal pain can now reach a level that makes it difficult for people to even move. This condition, called irritable bowel syndrome, is counted among the symptoms.

The effects of these diseases on the muscles or joints show themselves as numbness and tingling. These sensations can begin to occur in any part of the body’s muscle and joint system. Generally, this occurs as a result of sending signals to the brain less frequently than necessary. This can cause numbness in all joints, especially in the arms or legs.

This disorder, which also affects the sex hormones in women and men, can cause menstrual delays in women and cause libido problems and infertility in men. In general, this ailment does not cause hair loss, but it causes the hair to lose its vitality. If not intervened, hair loss may begin as the effects of the disease in the future. If this hair loss is still not treated, it can continue until eyelash or eyebrow loss.

Thyroid hormones affect the body in general. Underactive thyroid gland or high thyroid gland have different effects. In such cases, treatment must be provided.

What are the Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland is overactive. If we look at the symptoms of thyroid overwork;

Sudden weight loss is observed.
Fatigue, muscle weakness and also sleep problems occur.
Irritability and accompanying anxiety and depression occur.
Palpitation occurs with the acceleration of the heartbeat.
Hair loss occurs.
A change is observed in the form of outward protrusion of the eye structure.
Swelling in the neck area.
Variation occurs in the menstrual cycle.

What are the Symptoms of Hypothyroidism?

Underactivity of the thyroid gland is defined as hypothyroidism. As a result, thyroid hormones are secreted less. The symptoms of this condition, which causes a significant decrease in metabolic rate, are as follows:

Fatigue
Constipation and an increase in weight
Sensitivity to cold and dryness of the skin
Increase in blood cholesterol levels
Pain, swelling and tenderness are observed in the muscles
There is joint pain
Menstrual imbalance may occur
Hair and nails become thinner, while hair loss occurs
Anemia

Effects such as decreased sweating, hearing problems, sparse eyebrows, depressed mood, and slowing of the heartbeat occur. If it occurs in children and adolescents, there may be conditions such as slowed growth, lack of development of teeth, mental retardation, delayed puberty.

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When to see the doctor?

Thyroid disease can cause serious complications in women. Some of these complications can include:

Menstrual disorders. Thyroid disease can result in the appearance of very little, too much menstrual blood volume, and erratic cycles. It can also stop your periods for months.

Pregnancy problems. Thyroid disorders have the potential to cause miscarriage, preeclampsia, and premature birth.

Interfere with fertility. When thyroid problems affect the menstrual cycle, ovulation is also disrupted which may make it difficult to conceive.

Early menopause. If the cause of your thyroid disease is your immune system attacking your thyroid gland, you may experience early menopause (before age 40). Symptoms of thyroid disease are often mistaken for menopause symptoms, especially in people with hypothyroidism.

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Thyroid disorders can be treated with proper medication. Call and check with your doctor if you suspect a problem with the thyroid gland. With this, your doctor will find the cause of your thyroid disease and a suitable solution for you.